Treatment of following major Infections {Ceftriaxone}

Ceftriaxone Sodium USP.

Description:

Ceftriaxone is a board spectrum parenteral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The drug is highly resistant to bacterial beta-lactamase and has a good activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and some anaerobic bacteria. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis in a manner similar to that of penicillin.

Indication:

Ceftriaxone is indicated for the treatment of the following major infections when caused by susceptible organisms: 1.Renal & urinary tract infection;

2. Lower respiratory tract infection particularly pneumonia;

3. Gonococcal infection; 4.Skin, soft tissue, bone & joint infection;

5.Bacterial meningitis;

6.Serious bacterial infection e.g. septicemia; 7.ENT infection;

8.Infection in cancer patients; 9.Prevention of postoperative infection;

10.Pre-operative prophylaxis of infection associated with surgery;

11.Typhoid fever.

Dosage and Administration:

Adult: It is usually given to adults in a dose of 1 to 2 gm daily as a once daily dose or in two divided doses depending on the type and severity of infection. In severe infection up to 4 gm daily may be given. A single intramuscular dose of 250 mg is recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea in adult. For surgical prophylaxis in adults, single dose of 1 gm may be administered 0.5 to 2 hours prior to surgery.

Children: Suggested doses for infants and children are 50 to 75 mg per kg body weight once a day; for severe infection up to 80 mg per kg body weight daily may be given.

Neonates: The maximum dose should not exceed 50 mg per kg; intravenous doses in neonates should be given over 60 minutes.

Duration of Therapy: The duration of therapy varies according to the course of the diseases be continued for a minimum of 48-72 hours after the patients has become a febrile or evidence of bacterial eradication has been obtained.

Side effect:

Well tolerated, side effects are relatively infrequent, usually mild and transient. The most common side

Effects are gastro-intestinal consisting mainly of loose stool, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting steatites and

glossitis.

Contra-indication:

Ceftriaxone sodium should not give in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics. It is contraindicated in premature infants and in full- term infants during the first 6 weeks of life